Austria Will Hold a New Presidential Election

As reported in last night’s news feed, the Constitutional Court in Austria has ruled that the voting irregularities in May’s presidential election, in particular the postal votes (absentee ballots), were of sufficient magnitude to require a new election.

The Green candidate, Alexander Van der Bellen, won the run-off by a slim margin. Until the postal votes came in, Norbert Hofer of the FPÖ (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, Austrian Freedom Party) was in the lead.

In the video below Mr. Hofer is interviewed by RT about the upcoming election. Many thanks to Egri Nök for the translation, and to Vlad Tepes for the subtitling:

Below is the English-language version of the press release sent out by the Austrian Constitutional Court about its judgment on the election:

Runoff Election of the Federal President must be repeated

Mag. Christian Neuwirth

The Constitutional Court has ruled that the runoff election of the Federal President must be repeated in its entirety in all of Austria.

The date is to be set by the Federal Government in consultation with the Main Committee of the National Council.

The fourteen judges of the Constitutional Court were intensively engaged in these proceedings during the past few weeks, working almost without interruption both internally and publicly. Within the framework of the proceedings, witnesses were examined in public hearings, which exclusively served the purpose of establishing if the claims made in the challenge of the election corresponded to the facts, since the electoral records presented a different picture.

The fundamental rulings of the Constitutional Court are as follows:

  • The possibility of postal voting is not unconstitutional can therefore remain in effect.
  • However, infringements of the law occurred in numerous districts in the implementation of the system of postal voting.

Activities directly related to the counting of votes must be performed by the electoral authority as a collegiate body (i.e. by the chief electoral officer and the assistant electoral officer together). This is required in order to ensure transparency in the establishment of the electoral result.

The mere reference to the possibility of assistant electoral officers being present is not sufficient, nor is it permitted to delegate these tasks in advance to the chief electoral officer.

Auxiliaries who are not members of the electoral authority may support the latter in its tasks, provided they do so in the presence of the collegiate body. By no means must they be allowed to count votes without being supervised.

Opening the postal ballots is a task reserved for the district electoral authority as a collegiate body. This also includes the “slitting open” of postal ballots, since the definitive verification of the postal ballot is no longer possible if the envelope has already been opened by unauthorized persons.

In the absence of assistant electoral officers, auxiliaries are allowed to perform upstream activities, such as pre-sorting of the postal ballots into those to be included in the counting and those to be discarded as invalid for obvious reasons of nullity (e.g. missing signature).

  • For the Constitutional Court it is absolutely clear that laws governing an election must be strictly applied. This is to exclude any abuse and manipulation.
  • If infringements of the law are of an extent that they may have had an influence on the election result, it is of no relevance if manipulations have actually occurred or not.

In the districts of Innsbruck-Land, Südoststeiermark, Stadt Villach, Villach-Land, Schwaz, Wien-Umgebung, Hermagor, Wolfsberg, Freistadt, Bregenz, Kufstein, Graz-Umgebung, Leibnitz and Reutte the rules governing the implementation of the postal voting system were not complied with. The infringements concern a total of 77,926 postal votes.

The difference in the numbers of votes cast for Alexander Van der Bellen and Norbert Hofer amounts to 30,863 votes. As the number of votes concerned by the infringements by far exceeds 50% of that difference (15,432 votes), the infringements may have had an influence on the election result.

In the districts of Kitzbühel, Landeck, Hollabrunn, Liezen, Gänserndorf and Völkermarkt the system of postal voting was implemented in accordance with the rules.

  • The infringements of the law in the implementation of the postal voting system necessitate a complete repetition of the runoff election of the Federal President.

The repetition is necessary for the following reasons:

Citizens who have applied for a postal vote can exercise their voting right in various ways: by post, but also personally at their own local polling station, at another polling station in their own district, or at a polling station in a district other than their own.

As a result, the votes counted in the individual districts are mixed.

For example: If someone has applied for a postal vote in Linz, but casts his/her vote personally in Salzburg, this vote counts as a valid vote cast in Salzburg. If the Constitutional Court were to rule that the election has to be repeated in Linz only, the voter can again apply for a postal vote, but may this time use it to cast his/her vote personally at his/her local polling station in Linz. In that case, the voter would have cast two valid votes: the first vote counted in Salzburg (because in this district the election is not repeated and the result remains valid) and the second valid vote counted at the repeat election in Linz.

However, one and the same voter cannot have two votes.

Therefore, a repeat election only for postal voters, or only in individual districts, has to be ruled out.

  • The principle of free elections is violated if government bodies (the Ministry of the Interior) transmit information received on the results of the count of votes to the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation (ORF), the Austrian Press Agency (APA), other media or research bodies before the closing of the election, regardless of the conditions required (information “not to be disclosed” before a certain point in time).

The fact that this has been common practice for decades is of no relevance. To date, the Constitutional Court has had no possibility of pronouncing on this issue, as this is the first time that the issue has been raised in an electoral challenge.

In cases relating to elections, as in others, the Constitutional Court is bound by the rule that it is not allowed to act on its own initiative, but can only do so if presented with a specific occasion.

This infringement may lead to a situation in which the results of the count and reports thereon are “leaked” and rapidly disseminated, especially via social media. In the case in question, the Austrian Press Agency (APA) sent out a report, hours before the closing of the election, implying that Norbert Hofer was likely to win the election and that a “turnaround” of the result was no longer considered probable.

In view of the close result of the election, reports on the alleged outcome of the election, based on counting results transmitted by official bodies, may have had an influence on the election result.

For this reason as well, the runoff election of the Federal President must be repeated in its entirety in all of Austria.

The Ministry of the Interior has to ensure that such infringements do not occur in the repeat runoff election. Therefore, the practice of transmitting results of the count prior to the closing of the election is to be discontinued.

Video transcript:

00:00   It turned out that there were significant irregularities in this ballot,
00:05   mistakes that cannot guarantee that the result corresponds with the true vote.
00:18   Therefore the election will be repeated. In the coming months we will
00:22   Conduct an election campaign where we will try to convince the people that
00:28   we have the right programme, also regarding the presidential election.
00:32   It is a personality contest; I hope to win many votes.
00:36   I was worried of course regarding the future of the European Union.
00:41   I have tremendous respect for the British decision; democratic decisions are to be acknowledged.
00:48   But the European Union must learn from that. Namely, to build a Europe
00:51   of the people, not a Europe of the bureaucrats.
00:55   That means we need better contracts and a better division of competence
01:01   between the union on the one hand and the member states on the other,
01:05   and we must include the citizens in this important project.
01:08   If the EU goes in the right direction, there will be no referendum in Austria.
01:15   And I am an optimist, I believe that people are able to learn.
01:19   And I also believe that political entities can evolve,
01:25   and that Austria will make a great contribution to creating a better Europe.
01:30   However, there is one exception.
01:33   If the European Union should decide to admit Turkey,
01:38   or to be more centralising, and to disempower the member states,
01:46   then Austria should ask its citizens if they really want that.
01:50   I would like to stress that I hope that a referendum in Austria will not be necessary
01:56   because the European Union will develop positively.
02:00   I am convinced that the Austrians would not accept Turkey joining the European Union
02:07   or a further disempowerment of Austria in favour of a central administration
02:14   in Brussels. We have to use utmost care in dealing with that, and include the people in this project.
 

4 thoughts on “Austria Will Hold a New Presidential Election

  1. “If someone has applied for a postal vote in Linz, but casts his/her vote personally in Salzburg, this vote counts as a valid vote cast in Salzburg. If the Constitutional Court were to rule that the election has to be repeated in Linz only, the voter can again apply for a postal vote, but may this time use it to cast his/her vote personally at his/her local polling station in Linz. In that case, the voter would have cast two valid votes: the first vote counted in Salzburg (because in this district the election is not repeated and the result remains valid) and the second valid vote counted at the repeat election in Linz.” O.K., folks, it should go like this: If districts matter, then voters ought to be enrolled according to where they live. If they vote out of their districts, their votes should be taken as absentee votes, and counted together with the votes for that district.

  2. It is interesting that the decades-long practice of giving broadcasters preliminary vote-counts before the balloting has ended, has been recognized as illegal. I understand that this practice is illegal in the United States too.

    • I *wish* it were illegal. There are multiple time zones in the U.S. (six, I think), and as soon as preliminary results are available for national elections in the Eastern time zone, each and every media source seems to fall over itself in an effort to be FIRST TO REPORT such results.

      This has a measurable impact on voter turnout, esp. in the Pacific (and probably Alaska and Hawaii as well) time zones.

      I think the “instant” result reporting started some time in the ’90s; I remember staying up quite late during the ’80s (maybe 1980 itself? the ’82 general elections?) to watch TV coverage of the results as they rolled in.

  3. Mr. Hofer indicates that he is an optimist. I am not. The make-up of the EU Commission is such that absolute political power is the name of the game. Power
    from above the member countries and super-imposed on them, regardless of their
    sovereignty and laws. Hard to see how this narrative is going to change. Good on Mr. Hofer. I wish him and his party the best.

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